The Efficacy Of Sodium Fluoride - 1401 Words

RESEARCH METHODS 2 QUESTION 1: PART A: 1. Aims: To determine the efficacy of sodium fluoride varnish (22,600ppm) application biannual and use of high concentration fluoride toothpaste (2800ppm) together in high caries risk children wearing orthodontic braces against development of white surface lesions (WSL) between 12- 16 years of age. 2. Objectives: To detect and classify progress of caries using ICDAS system in high caries risk children wearing orthodontic braces with combined use of fluoride varnish applications biannually and use of high concentration fluoride toothpaste (2800ppm) vs. use of fluoride varnish application biannually and normal strength (1450 ppm) fluoride toothpaste. 3. Hypotheses: The combined use of biannual fluoride application and high concentration fluoride toothpaste reduced the occurrence and progress of caries measured according to ICDAS system in high caries risk children. 4. Study design: 2 year randomised controlled trial was conducted. PART B: Methods for the proposed study: 1. Population of interest: The study was conducted at a very busy orthodontic practice. A total of 186 participants were included in the study. Inclusion criteria for children to be part of study was: Patient fitted with fixed brace in last 2 month, no active carious lesion present, dietary analysis shows high cariogenic diet, committed to attend every six months. Children excluded from the study: children who alreadyShow MoreRelatedEffectiveness Of A Patient Applied 10 % Potassium Nitrate1890 Words   |  8 Pageson pain assessment in other fields. The reproducibility of subjects in clinical trials of dentine hypersensitivity may therefore contribute to difficulties in establishing treatment efficacy of agents in clinical trials. Schiff T, Delgado E, Po Zhang Y et al. (2009) The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of an in-office desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate relative to that of a commercially available pumice prophylaxis paste in reducing dentin hypersensitivityRead MoreDevelopment Of The Mammalian Central Nervous System Essay738 Words   |  3 Pagespolyphenolic compound, obtained from the rhizome of the turmeric (Curcuma longa), and possesses pleiotropic pharmacological and biological properties. Curcumin attenuates neurotoxicity induced by various toxicants such as fluoride, acrolein, okadaic acid, lead, ethanol, arsenic, sodium metabisulfite, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and ÃŽ ²-amyloid (AÃŽ ²) (Doggui et al., 2013; Flora et al., 2013; Hoppe et al., 2013; Jaisin et al., 2011; Noorafshan et al., 2013; Rajasekar et al., 2013; Sharma et al., 2014; TiwariRead MoreAnti Tumor Effect On Tongue Cancer Using Animal Model Essay1988 Words   |  8 Pages Chemoprevention involves suppressing, delaying or reversing carcinogenesis by pharmacological intervention with the naturally occurring or synthetic agents (Sporn and Suh, 2002; Tsao, 2004). According to Shukla and Gupta (2006), the ability and efficacy of the natural agents to define molecular targets is one of the most necessary goals in cancer chemoprevention. Many naturally-occurring dietary compounds have been shown to possess a significant chemopreventive activity and many studies have beenRead MoreDevelopment Of Novel Chemotherapy Drug Delivery Systems2164 Words   |  9 Pagesthe damage to healthy tissues, and nanoparticles monitor the treatment’s progress by absorbing the light and fluorescing back at a different color. In chemotherapy, nanoparticles became a prominent delivery system because of their enhanced drug efficacy and accumulation at tumor sites by taking advantage of the tumor’s leaky vasculatures enhanced permeability and retention effect.5 There are different mechanisms nanoparticles utilize to deliver drugs into a host. The stimuli-responsive active targetedRead MoreThe New York City Water System2654 Words   |  11 Pagesthe drinking water contaminants such as testing turbidity, lead and Cryptosporidium and Giardia presence. Turbidity of drinking water is monitored every four hours at selected locations to insure good water quality. High turbidity may encumber the efficacy of disinfectants. Water can absorb lead from fixtures, solder and pipes. Mandated lead contamination testing is done at select homes throughout NYC. Cryptosporidium and Giardia are water borne bacteria that if found in drinking water can cause intestinalRead MoreThe Acceptability of Eggshell Powder as Alter native Component in Making Toothpaste†2138 Words   |  9 Pagesas an abrasive that aids in removing the  dental plaque  and  food  from the teeth, assists in suppressing  halitosis, and delivers active ingredients such as  fluoride  or  xylitol  to help prevent tooth and gum disease (gingivitis).  Most of the cleaning is achieved by the mechanical action of the toothbrush, and not by the toothpaste. Salt and sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) are among materials that can be substituted for commercial toothpaste. Toothpaste is not intended to be swallowed, but is generallyRead MoreVitamins and Minerals in Modern Society7964 Words   |  32 PagesMany elements have been suggested as essential, but such claims have usually not been confirmed. Definitive evidence for efficacy comes from the characterization of a biomolecule containing the element with an identifiable and testable function. One problem with identifying efficacy is that some elements are innoc uous at low concentrations and are pervasive, so proof of efficacy is lacking because deficiencies are difficult to reproduce. Relatively large quantities of sulfur are required, but thereRead MoreAn Ideal Desensitizing Agent As A Agent2270 Words   |  10 Pagesthat produced by NovaMin ® paste. However, the study also demonstrated that ProArginâ„ ¢ was effective, for 30 days compared to Gluma ® and NovaMin ®, in maintaining desensitization significantly The authors also recommended further research to test the efficacy of these desensitizing agents with a larger sample size for longer duration of follow-up and the assessment of different grades of sensitivity amongst to confirm the results. In a scanning electron microscopic study conducted In vivo on the extractedRead MoreHolistic Approach14986 Words   |  60 Pagesmay heal you from that affliction. According to a study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), 40 percent of hypertensive patients could do without their medications when they gave up smoking, limited alcohol consumption, reduced sodium intake, and exercised moderately. Therefore, understanding the causes of disease can bring about not only the prevention but also a cure of a disease. Prevention better than cure Unlike conventional Western medicine, which focuses on reducing andRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 Pagesthis, bases can commonly be thought of as any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity lower than that of pure water, i.e. a pH higher than 7.0 at standard conditions. Examples of simple bases are sodium hydroxide and ammonia. Bases can be thought of as the chemical opposite of acids. A reaction between an acid and base is called neutralization. Bases and acids are seen as opposites because the effect of an acid is to increase the hydronium ion (H3O+)