John Wilkes Booth :: essays research papers fc

With no inquiry, a great many people have an extremely clear and unmistakable image of John Wilkes Booth an in their psyches. It is April 1865, the night president Lincoln chooses to take a genuinely necessary night off, to go to a phase play. Before anybody knows it a neurotic awful rate on-screen character creeps into Lincoln's container at Ford's theater and executes the president. Jumping to the stage, he runs past a befuddled crowd and escapes into the night, just to endure a coward’s demise Selma resource around fourteen days after the fact. From the exact second that Booth pulled the trigger, the victors of the Civil War had another adversary on their hands, and a decent idea of whom they were managing. A nearby assessment of the realities, in any case, paint an alternate perspective on Booth, an image that is far less highly contrasting, however an image with numerous shades of dark.      Perhaps, one of the most intriguing things to note about Lincoln's executioner was the president would have remembered him in a split second, in the event that he had quite recently convoluted. John Wilkes Booth was conceived in a log lodge only outside of Bel Air, Maryland May 10, 1838. His family comprised of his dad Tunis Booth, mother Mary Ann Holmes; they would bear 10 kids. The Booth name was known for acting from John's family. He is viewed as America's first extraordinary on-screen character. John's most known sibling Edwin rushed to emulate his dad's example. He regularly rehearsed in the yard and was criticized by John and this was the start of an unpleasant contention. Additionally the house was loaded with liquor addiction and episodes of melancholy. The family was regularly without the dad as his drinking and acting fended him off. He was regularly impaired when he was in front of an audience and showed numerous propertie s of his child in any case, John never observed his dad in front of an audience. His mom additionally had a fantasy of her child's future. It demonstrated John meeting a rover and he was told, " you'll kick the bucket youthful... You have in your grasp a roaring horde of adversaries not one companion you'll make a terrible end... You'll have a quick life-short, yet an excellent one." John knew this and it some of the time disturbed him. At that point in 1852, his father passed on and John went to go to St. Timothy's Hall military school in Catonsville, Maryland. It was here that John indicated his compassion toward the South when he drove a rebel against the for the most part northern staff.

The Writings of John Donne Essays -- Biography Biographies Essays

The seventeenth century opened with an age of extraordinary social change which finished in the possible execution of King Charles I in 1649. This made an air of contention that penetrates a significant part of the writing of the period. The works of John Donne are overflowing with this contention, reflecting in their substance a perspective on affection and ladies profoundly and critically changed from that which going before ages of writers had passed on.   John Donne's perspective on adoration digressed significantly from the Medieval way of thinking of elegant love, which had been communicated in verse passed on from the works of such idyllic monsters as Sidney and Petrarch. The general section up to that point had concentrated extraordinarily on the unparalleled significance of adoration with regards to the life of the artist (or his creation's voice). Up to that point, love had comprised generally of a fixation on one lady, and an investigation of the emotions and circumstances this caused in the storyteller.   Donne's inversion of that contemplation came as a scholarly investigation of the idea of his connections themselves. His sections frequently bring up the narrow-mindedness characteristic to new love, as in The Good-Morrow. In this sonnet, Donne's attention is on the investigation of the new world, which he at that point turns around to suggest that his whole world is framed between his fancy woman and himself. [Love] makes one room an all over the place. (l. 10) His wonderful pride (origination) is an explanation of the enthusiastic arrogance (vanity) hidden love. A more clear case of the universalization of affection is found in The Sun Rising with the lines She is all states, and all rulers I,/Nothing else is. (ll. 21-22) With the equivalent load of the two his paramour and Donne's part, we see a considerably more balan... ...iewed as equivalents without the danger of upsetting accepted practices. However he despite everything endeavors to neutralize the grain of this tenet.   These accepted practices had been set up in verse for a few many years when Donne started his work separating them. Neutralizing such shows in the impression of affection and ladies, Donne fundamentally adjusted his verse to suit both an increasingly human and progressively equivalent perspective on both. At long last, the impact of these progressions may have been lost for a couple of hundreds of years, as his verse was cleared aside and not grasped until the beginning of Modernism, however maybe, given the fundamental sexism of his verse, this was generally advantageous. Going from the modest extraordinary to the altogether doubted outrageous may have been a more startling option for ladies' history than the more continuous move from quiet we presently imagine.  

Battle Of The Sexes And The Prisoners Dilemma Philosophy Essay

Clash Of The Sexes And The Prisoners Dilemma Philosophy Essay Ive had two encounters in the instances of Battle of Sexes and Prisoners Dilemma. My companion Chris and I once had a contest on which film to observe either Harry Potter or Toy Story. The two of us might want to watch them two, yet Chris might want to watch Harry Potter while I incline toward Toy Story. In the long run, I proposed to watch Harry Potter first and Toy Story later. The other case happened when I was a child. I used to deceive my mum when I was youthful. I generally neglected to turn in my schoolwork on schedule. Nonetheless, my instructor answered to my mother about the low quality of my work. So my mum once assessed me and got me for watching kid's shows before completing my schoolwork. At that point, she subjects me to read meetings at school for a year so I could find my school work. Be that as it may, in this year, my mother was baffled about my demeanor and I could no longer appreciate watching kid's shows. Ive acknowledged I could break down the two situations with Game Theory, explicitly Battle of Sexes and Prisoners Dilemma. Furthermore, both two games have a place with Two-Person Non-Zero Sum Game, which portrays a circumstance where a members increase or misfortune isn't adjusted by the additions or misfortunes of the other member. Numerous regular social predicaments fall into this classification, for example, Centipede Game, Dictator Game (these won't be talked about in the article) and so on. Utility Theory To help the cases of these games, the term utility must be presented. Utility alludes to a proportion of relative fulfillment. Be that as it may, how much agony or joy an individual feels and mental impacts can scarcely be estimated. So as to make a quantifiable stage for mathematicians to look at the best plausible arrangement, numbers are relegated to document utility for the solid numerical prize or likelihood an individual would pick up. For example, on the off chance that I watch kid's shows so as to escape from 50 troublesome math questions, I will increase 50 util. In spite of the fact that this is moderately abstract, it is smarter to set a more target estimation than having unadulterated language depiction. Non-helpful In Game Theory, we will consistently manage games that permit players to coordinate or not ahead of time. A helpful game alludes to a game wherein players have total opportunity of correspondence to settle on joint authoritative understandings. Then again, a non-helpful game doesn't permit players to impart ahead of time. Judiciously, players would settle on choices that advantage them the most. In any case, now and again, similar to the Battle of Sexes and Prisoners Dilemma, the normal interests would not be amplified by their self-centeredness. Lose-lose Situation Lose-lose depicts a circumstance wherein a members increase or misfortune is actually adjusted by the misfortunes or additions of the different participant(s). In the event that there are n members and their results are recorded as O1, O2 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ On. Scientifically, On the off chance that player 1 uses a lot of methodology A = (A1, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ , Am) and player 2 uses B = (B1, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ , Bn), the result Oij would have the likelihood xiyj, where both 1㠢†°Ã¢ ¤ I, j à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¤ m,n . The M1(x,y) = player 1, and M2(x,y) = player 2 Essentially they are the normal worth capacity for discrete X which express the normal estimation of their utilities. XiYj is the likelihood to certain choice while Ai and Bj are the particular choices of player 1 and 2. The inspiration of player is 1 to expand M1 and of player 2 to augment M2. In a serious lose-lose situation we have zeros of the utility capacities so that M2(x,y) = - M1(x,y) which prompted the term lose-lose. In this manner, it is never worthwhile to advise your rival the technique you intend to receive since there is just one clear champ and clear washout. So now we comprehend the idea that players can't help out one another. Be that as it may, Battle of Sexes and Prisoners Dilemma could amplify the result through collaboration since they are non-lose-lose situation. M2(x,y) à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ - M1(x,y). Documentation Assume we have two players Chris (C) and Me (M) in a game which one synchronous move is took into consideration every player the players don't have the foggiest idea about the choice made by one another. We will indicate two arrangements of techniques as follows: S1: C = {C1, C2, C3 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ Cm} S2: B = {M1, M2, M3 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ Mn} A specific result Oij is come about because of a procedure from every player, Ai and Bj. Grid: So in the event that I pick technique 1, Chris picks system 2 for himself, the result would become O21. In this manner, every arrangement of system among Chris and me would have an unmistakable result, in which there are mn prospects. In any case, in this article we don't manage numerous choices, generally 2 for each individual Harry Potter (HP) or Toy Story (TS), or Honest or Dishonest. So it would boil down to a 22 lattice, similar to the accompanying outline appeared in Two-Person Non - Zero-Sum Game. Two man Non-Zero Sum Game Non-lose-lose situations are inverse to lose-lose situations, and are more confounded than the lose-lose situations on the grounds that the whole could be negative or positive. What's more, a two man non-lose-lose situation is just played by two players. In a non-lose-lose situation, an ordinary structure must give the two settlements, since the misfortune isn't brought about by the failure, yet by some other gathering. To delineate a couple of issues, we ought to think about the accompanying result grid. Settlements appears as (Player 1, Player 2) Player 1 System A System B Player 2 System X (8,9) (6,5) System Y (5,10) (1,0) Clearly, in the event that we summarize the settlements of player 1, we would have 8+6+5+1 = 20. While Player 2 would have the adjustments of 9+5+10 = 19. This has obviously represented on of the properties of a non-lose-lose situation. In addition, regardless of whether their settlements are equivalent, one greater necessity must be met. The entirety of all results must be 0. Since we just have positive whole numbers here, we can reason that the entirety of all results for this situation is carefully > 0. So this is a regular case of two-man non-lose-lose situation. Prologue to Pure and Mixed Strategies Assume a player has unadulterated procedures S1, S2à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Sk in an ordinary structure game. The likelihood circulation work for every one of these procedures with their particular probabilities: P = p1, p2 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦pk are nonnegative and = 1 on the grounds that the aggregate of the likelihood of all systems must be 1. An unadulterated procedure is accomplished when just one is equivalent to 1 and all other pm are 0. At that point P is an unadulterated technique and could be communicated as P = . Be that as it may, an unadulterated system is additionally utilized in a blended methodology. The unadulterated methodology is utilized in blended technique P if some is > 0. So in a miniaturized scale, there are numerous systems in the unadulterated methodology set S; and in large scale, these technique sets add to a greater profile P. We characterize the adjustments to P as following: where m,k à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¥ 1 However, in the event that the methodology set S isn't unadulterated, the procedure profile P is considered carefully blended; and if all the methodologies are unadulterated, the profile is totally blended. Furthermore, in the totally blended profile, the arrangement of unadulterated procedures in the technique profile P is known as the help of P. For example, in a study hall has an unadulterated methodology for instructor to educate and for understudy to learn. At that point these methodologies, educating and learning, are the help of the blended system. Settlements are usually communicated as So let I ( s1,㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦,sn) be the result to player I for utilizing the unadulterated technique profile (P1,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦,Pn) and if S is an unadulterated methodology set for player I. At that point the absolute settlements would be the result of the likelihood of every system in the methodology set S (ps ) and the adjustments of every technique (. So on the off chance that we summarize all the adjustments: I (P) = , which is again like the normal mean result work we set up in the lose-lose situation area. In any case, a key condition here is that players decisions free from every others, so the likelihood that the specific unadulterated systems can be just recorded as . Something else, likelihood of every system is communicated as far as different ones. Nash Equilibrium The Nash balance idea is significant in light of the fact that we can precisely foresee how individuals will play a game by accepting what methodologies they pick by executing a Nash balance. Likewise, in transformative procedures, we can display distinctive arrangement of fruitful methodologies which command over ineffective ones; and stable fixed states are frequently Nash equilibria. Then again, frequently do we see some Nash equilibria that appear to be unlikely, for instance, a chess player overwhelms the game over another. Truth be told they may be unsteady equilibria, so we would not hope to see them in reality in since quite a while ago run. Consequently, the chess player comprehends that his procedure is excessively forceful and reckless, which prompts persistent misfortunes. In the end he won't receive a similar procedure and accordingly is returned to Nash harmony. At the point when individuals seem to stray from Nash equilibria, we can presume that they don't comprehend the game, or putting to ourselves, we have misjudged the game they play or the adjustments we ascribe to them. However, in significant cases, individuals just don't play Nash equilibria which are better for us all. I misled my mother as a result of individual interests. The Nash balance for the situation between my mother and me would be both being straightforward. Assume the round of n players, with procedure sets si and result capacities I (P) = , for I = 1㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦n, where P is the arrangement of methodology profiles. Leave S alone the arrangement of blended techniques for player I. where m,k à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã¢ ¥ 1 The crucial Theorem of a blended methodology balance builds up the standards for discovering Nash equilibria. Let P = (P1à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Pn) be a blended procedure profile for a n-player game. For any player I, let P-I speak to the blended systems utilized by all the players other than player I. The principal hypothesis of blended technique Nash Equilibrium says that P is a Nash balance if and just if, for any player I = 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ n with unadulterated methodology set Si and if s, s Si happen with positive likelihood in Pi,

Globalization with Dr. Najib Hourani Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Globalization with Dr. Najib Hourani - Essay Example The powers of globalization incorporate universal trade and fund, travel and the travel industry, transnational movement, the media and different innovative data streams (Nanda and Warms 5). The three predominant perspectives on the authentic investigation of globalization incorporate the doubters who contend that globalization isn't so a significant novel wonder, the hyper-globalists who don't preclude the significance from securing past episodes of globalization, yet discover a verifiable crossroads after ,which contemporary globalization developed, and the transformationalists who contend that globalizationis the significant power fundamental the quick, boundless social, political and economicchanges that are as of now rebuilding present day social orders andthe world request. Globalization increments financial development, unfortunately, likewise disparity. It might be named as advantageous in the medium term, yet destructive over the long haul when neo-expansionism begins to factor in (Kottak 5). The expression, â€Å"the white man’s burden† is utilized to depict the mental origination that colonizing nations could bring non-colonized nations and societies to a vastly improved and unrivaled way of life through the dislodging and substitution of their traditions and conventions. Colonizing countries accepted that it was their commitment illuminate these â€Å"non-civilized† nations about the integrity that accompanies western human progress, clearly a suspicion. In view of Gandhi, the film, it might be to some degree apparent that the Indian nationals may have been more acculturated than the greater part of their British oppressors. With the point of attempting to self-safeguard the Indian individuals, Gandhi regularly sabotaged this reality. He anyway edified his kin that it was a lot of conceivable to stay consistent with one’s own culturedespite the foreordained impacts of imperialism (Nanda and Warms 6). The distinction among imperialism and globalization is that expansionism focuses on totally killing the customs of a

Blog Archive Improved Facilities at Washington Universitys Olin Business School

Blog Archive Improved Facilities at Washington University’s Olin Business School Olin Business School Washington University’s Olin Business School  announced in 2011 that lead gifts totaling $25M from two of its benefactors would support a plan to construct two new facilities for its graduate programâ€"Knight Hall and Bauer Hall. The $90M expansion was completed in the spring of 2014â€"several months earlier than expectedâ€"and added seven new classrooms, 75 faculty offices, a 100-seat café, graduate student services, lounges, an Active Learning Lab, and a new event space called The Forum. A three-dimensional rendering of the buildings, which received LEED Gold certification in 2014, can be seen  here. Although Olin is a smaller sized program (145 full-time MBA students in the Class of 2019) and is noted for its highly collaborative culture, the expansion allows the school to grow its class size while providing more space and resources. One of Olin’s older buildings, Simon Hall, was first opened for use in 1986 and underwent major renovations in spring 2014. The renovation project was completed in two phases and ultimately finished in fall 2015. The building now features six new classrooms, a marketing research lab, lounge areas, and an improved auditorium. In addition to its constantly improving facilities, Olin may be well positioned to tap into St. Louis’s burgeoning start-up sector. According to  a 2013 report by the career hub Dice, “The number of St. Louisâ€"based technology jobs posted on Dice jumped 25 percent year/year. And those new tech jobs are coming at a higher price tag too: average tech salaries are up 13 percent year/year to $81,245. … St. Louis is becoming a start-up town.” In Dice’s 2017 report, year-to-year change was more modest at 3.1%, but the average annual salary in the technology field had climbed to $83,717. Share ThisTweet B-Schools Outside the Top 15 Olin Business School

Effects of Illegal Immigration in the Economy - 550 Words

Effects of Illegal Immigration in the Economy (Research Paper Sample) Content: AuthorTutorCourseDateIllegal immigrants effects on the Economy The reason people take the risk of illegally infiltrating into the United States of America has raised a hot debate in the recent past. Many people argued that the immigrants are usually looking for better jobs or better economic opportunities for themselves and their families. However, researches have shown there is other factors more compelling than the economic determinants (Ryo 574).according to the study most of those people who try to enter America illegally have a friend or a family member who has also tried to cross into United States illegally. Additionally, the research found that Mexicans believe that they have a right to be in the United States without seeking permission from anybody (Ryo 577S). Illegal immigration to the United States started very long time ago; research shows that there are more than twelve million illegal immigrants in the country today. Positive and negative impacts on diff erent parts of economy: Immigrants have contributed a lot to the economic growth for the United States. The immigrant increases the economic efficiency by increasing the labor supply. They undertake the tasks that Native American is not willing to take. For instance in the year 2009 the United States department of agriculture asserted that more than half of the people who were employed in the agricultural firms were illegal immigrants (Grossman 247).As a result of availability labor firms and companies expand their productive capacity and build more establishments. The increase in labor supply automatically lowers the wages; this makes the entrance of new businesses in the market less costly. Moreover, the immigrants contribute to the United Sates economy through their investment and consumption of the goods and services. Also, the illegal immigrants also boost the economy through paying taxes on the goods that they purchase (Grossman 243). On the other hand, illegal immigrants are estimated to cost the United States an about $113 billion per year. The education cost for the children of the aliens constitutes the largest portion of that money. Most of the illegal immigrants do not pay taxes as they have no documents that can help the government to track them down (DIXON, JOHNSON and RIMMER 24). Additionally, they make United States government to incur more costs in criminal justices and emergency medical care. Moreover, the illegal immigrants transfer huge amounts of wealth from the United States to their home nations. Illegal immigrant contributes to the overpopulation of the United States. As a result, there has be a strain in the public services especially in the cities. Overcrowding and increased load on public transits have been witnessed in most cities in the United States (Grossman 243). There are instances when the illegal immigrants are caught after committing a crime; it is very difficult to fix them because they are not registered in government reco rds. These criminals take that advantage; they ... Effects of Illegal Immigration in the Economy - 550 Words Effects of Illegal Immigration in the Economy (Research Paper Sample) Content: AuthorTutorCourseDateIllegal immigrants effects on the Economy The reason people take the risk of illegally infiltrating into the United States of America has raised a hot debate in the recent past. Many people argued that the immigrants are usually looking for better jobs or better economic opportunities for themselves and their families. However, researches have shown there is other factors more compelling than the economic determinants (Ryo 574).according to the study most of those people who try to enter America illegally have a friend or a family member who has also tried to cross into United States illegally. Additionally, the research found that Mexicans believe that they have a right to be in the United States without seeking permission from anybody (Ryo 577S). Illegal immigration to the United States started very long time ago; research shows that there are more than twelve million illegal immigrants in the country today. Positive and negative impacts on diff erent parts of economy: Immigrants have contributed a lot to the economic growth for the United States. The immigrant increases the economic efficiency by increasing the labor supply. They undertake the tasks that Native American is not willing to take. For instance in the year 2009 the United States department of agriculture asserted that more than half of the people who were employed in the agricultural firms were illegal immigrants (Grossman 247).As a result of availability labor firms and companies expand their productive capacity and build more establishments. The increase in labor supply automatically lowers the wages; this makes the entrance of new businesses in the market less costly. Moreover, the immigrants contribute to the United Sates economy through their investment and consumption of the goods and services. Also, the illegal immigrants also boost the economy through paying taxes on the goods that they purchase (Grossman 243). On the other hand, illegal immigrants are estimated to cost the United States an about $113 billion per year. The education cost for the children of the aliens constitutes the largest portion of that money. Most of the illegal immigrants do not pay taxes as they have no documents that can help the government to track them down (DIXON, JOHNSON and RIMMER 24). Additionally, they make United States government to incur more costs in criminal justices and emergency medical care. Moreover, the illegal immigrants transfer huge amounts of wealth from the United States to their home nations. Illegal immigrant contributes to the overpopulation of the United States. As a result, there has be a strain in the public services especially in the cities. Overcrowding and increased load on public transits have been witnessed in most cities in the United States (Grossman 243). There are instances when the illegal immigrants are caught after committing a crime; it is very difficult to fix them because they are not registered in government reco rds. These criminals take that advantage; they ...

Wilkinson Picketts Spirit Level Book Essays - 1401 Words

Wilkinson Pickett, (WP) assert that society on the whole would be healthier, more successful and happier if the gap between the affluent and the poor was tightened. The ‘Spirit Level Book’, written by them in 2010, is one of the most influential books on social policy to date and it argues that not only does inequality affect the ones down the bottom of the ladder but everyone across the board. Affluent countries perform better when social indicators are more equal across society. This essay will assess the validity of Wilkinson Pickett’s conclusions by comparing the works of authors that support similar arguments, to the work of authors who disagree with them. A comparison of these different approaches, with a critical look at what†¦show more content†¦Dean argued that low standards in one or more of these areas lead to social problems, such as drug abuse, homicide, homelessness which affect all levels of society. Rowlingson (2011) agrees with Wilkinson and Pickett that there is indeed a strong correlation between income and health and social problems. In her report she includes the ‘Marmot Review’ (Marmot, 2010) which shows evidence that people living in England in the poorest areas compared to those living in the richest will, on average, die 7 years earlier. This suggests a clear link between class and health. The report further notes other additional factors, such as infant mortality, and mental and physical well being go hand in hand with inequality. A discussion of the opposing arguments The evidence does appear to suggest that inequality does play a major factor in certain measures of social well-being. However, there have been many researchers that disagree/critique this claim. The authors of ‘The Spirit Level Delusion’ (2010) attack this notion and conception of inequality, health and growing gaps between rich and poor, suggesting that Wilkinson and Pickett have no real evidence supporting their claims on this issue. Confounding factors and other variables, such as absolute income,Show MoreRelatedLiterature Review Of Literature On Economic Inequality1470 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review An extensive amount of material has been written about Economic inequality and how it affects various aspects of quality of life. The literature is diverse with recent works such as Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett’s The Spirit Level, which suggests that economic inequality has a detrimental effect on several factors such as increased crime, increased obesity, and worse mental health within a country. Simon Kuznets, an influential America economist set an economic paradigm which

Childhood Immunizations Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1086 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/03/13 Category Sociology Essay Level High school Tags: Childhood Essay Did you like this example? Can you imagine living a life where disease and sickness were a common epidemic? Long ago, entire communities were constantly falling under devastating and deadly sicknesses everywhere. People were helpless and did not know how to stop this sickness from killing loved ones. Thanks to experimental sciences, these devastating diseases have been contained and allow the majority of the U.S. population to live in a world where we can choose to live without deadly epidemics. These experimental sciences called vaccinations come with life saving benefits but may also be accompanied with huge risks. The history of the vaccines began in 1796 by an England country doctor named Edward Jenner. Edward Jenner took pus from a cowpox lesion on a milkmaids hand and injected it in an healthy 8 year old boy. Jenner discovered that the cow-pox protects the human constitution from the infection of smallpox. (Stern Markel, 2005 p.2) Edward Jenner found success in this experiment, so he published a sixty-four page pamphlet about his experiments which he titled, Vaccine. (Nardo, 2002, p.33) After many experiments, the idea of vaccinology was formed. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Childhood Immunizations Essay" essay for you Create order The vaccination became such a necessity for other countries, the U.S. President Thomas Jefferson and Harvard professor Benjamin Waterhouse sent for the smallpox vaccination from Europe to be injected into citizens in the colonies to demonstrate their forward-looking stance toward science and to prove their commitment to the health of their citizens. (Stern Markel 2005 p.5). It is not a cure for these deadly diseases, but it does provide immunity to vaccinated people so that they will have a lesser chance of getting sick from fatal diseases. As we research the benefits of getting your child vaccinated, the one common assertion is that it will help keep your child and the community safe. At one point in time, there was absolutely nothing that anyone could do to be immune from deathly diseases. When loved ones became sick, others accepted death as a part of what happens if you were sick. Today, it is a relief to know that if we become vaccinated, we heighten our chances of being healthy and disease-free. It is important to note that child vaccination is an ethical issue according to the article Ethics and Childhood Vaccination Policy in the United States. The ethical implications concerning vaccine-related public health policy are numerous and at the forefront of much recent discussion- for example, mandating vaccines for school entry and excluding unvaccinated children from school in the case of outbreaks. (Hendrix, et al, 2016 p.274) Ethically, we would be doing a service to our neighbors, schools and communities if we were to support vaccination. Public schools inhibit huge populations of children which gives schools a reason to favor having your child vaccinated because it lessens the chance of having a disease outbreak in the school. Although families can send their children to school not vaccinated with a signed note from the doctors office, there is greater concern from families that it serves as a danger to the rest of the school population. There are some risks to vaccinations. Vaccinations are not one hundred percent effective: a vaccinated individual still takes a risk when injecting different chemicals into their body. There is a risk their body may reject all or some of the different chemicals that are injected. A person who is receiving the chickenpox vaccination still has a small chance of getting chickenpox. Another example would be a person who received the flu shot could still get the flu sickness. Furthermore, many families who are extremely religious may believe that using medical practices goes against their religion so it is a risk of violating their religion. In addition to the religious belief for not vaccinating a child is the immense amount of information about side effects of vaccinations. Going back to the beginning of vaccinology, we know that the first experiment consisted of a country doctor extracting pus from animal disease on a human and injecting it into a healthy boy. This knowledge begs the question of : What else are doctors putting in vaccines and injecting in the human body? Many citizens may be worried about the ingredients in the vaccines and could also be rejecting vaccination because of a belief in a government conspiracy. (Hendrix, et al2016, p.275) There was a huge conspiracy theory linking certain vaccinations to neurological problems in children. In 1986, The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act was created by parents who vocalized vaccine safety in children. In the past decade , parents and their watchdog groups have noticed a rise in autism and linked it to the ingredient thimerosal (previously used in diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis, Hib, and hepatitis B vaccines). A series of scientific studies have demonstrated that there is no connection between thimerosal and autism. (Stern Markel, 2005 p.9) The pros and cons of vaccination are equally important for doctors and scientists to take into consideration. As we all know, science is continually evolving and there are many new discoveries every day. If something is not working, it is essential to scientists and doctors to know every concern so that they can determine which information will help make vaccinations better for the future. Vaccinations are successful through a trial and error process. They need to be tested in order to determine if it actually works. The evolution of vaccines is a rocky road, but one cannot deny that it has helped contain the deadly disease epidemic that centuries before us had to endure. In addition to containing the disease in our country, vaccines are also a bridge to peace with other countries.Vaccines are arguably one of humankinds greatest creations. B ecause of vaccines remarkable ability to halt great plagues and eliminate disease vaccines could also be transformed into powerful agents of conflict resolution. (Vaccinations. 2003, p.79) References: Hendrix, K. S., Sturm, L. A., Zimet, G. D., Meslin, E. M. (2016, February). Ethics and Childhood Vaccination Policy in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26691123 Nardo, D. (2002). Vaccines. San Diego, CA: Lucent Books. Rabinowitz, M., Latella, L., Jost, J. T. (n.d.). Beliefs about Childhood Vaccination in the United States: Political Ideology, False Consensus, and the Illusion of Uniqueness. Retrieved from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0158382 The History Of Vaccines And Immunization: Familiar Patterns, New Challenges. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/full/10.1377/hlthaff.24.3.611 Williams, M. E. (2003). Vaccinations. San Diego: Greenhaven Press. Randi Waln Childhood Vaccinations Essay 12/07/2018 English for Elementary Teachers Preparing Competent, Caring Teachers Brenda Rhone

Germanium Facts (Atomic Number 32 or Ge)

Gemanium is a shiny grayish-white metalloid with a metallic appearance. The element is best known for its use in semiconductors. Here is a collection of useful and interesting germanium element facts. Germanium  Basic Facts Atomic Number: 32 Symbol: Ge Atomic Weight: 72.61 Discovery: Clemens Winkler 1886 (Germany) Electron Configuration: [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p2 Word Origin: Latin Germania: Germany Properties: Germanium has a melting point of 937.4 °C, boiling point of 2830 °C, specific gravity of 5.323 (25 ° C), with valences of 2 and 4. In pure form, the element is a grayish white metalloid. It is crystalline and brittle and retains its luster in air. Germanium and its oxide are transparent to infrared light. Uses: Germanium is an important semiconductor material. It is commonly doped with arsenic or gallium at the level of one part per 1010 for electronics. Germanium is also used as an alloying agent, a catalyst, and as a phosphor for fluorescent lamps. The element and its oxide are used in highly sensitive infrared detectors and other optical devices. The high index of refraction and dispersion of germanium oxide has led to its use in glasses for use in microscope and camera lenses. Organic germanium compounds have a relatively low toxicity to mammals, but are lethal to certain bacteria, giving these compounds potential medical importance. Sources: Germanium may be separated from metals by fractional distillation of volatile germanium tetrachloride, which is then hydrolyzed to yield GeO2. The dioxide is reduced with hydrogen to give the element. Zone refining techniques allow for the production of ultra-pure germanium. Germanium is found in argyrodite (a sulfide of germanium and silver), in germanite (composed of about 8% of the element), in coal, in zinc ores, and other minerals. The element may be commercially prepared from the flue dusts of smelters processing zinc ores or from the by-products of the combustion of certain coals. Element Classification: Semimetallic  (Metalloid) Germanium Physical Data Density (g/cc): 5.323 Melting Point (K): 1210.6 Boiling Point (K): 3103 Appearance: grayish-white metal Isotopes: There are 30 known isotopes of germanium ranging from Ge-60 to Ge-89. There are five stable isotopes: Ge-70 (20.37% abundance), Ge-72 (27.31% abundance), Ge-73 (7.76% abundance), Ge-74 (36.73% abundance) and Ge-76 (7.83% abundance). Atomic Radius (pm): 137 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 13.6 Covalent Radius (pm): 122 Ionic Radius: 53 (4e) 73 (2e) Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.322 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 36.8 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 328 Debye Temperature (K): 360.00 Pauling Negativity Number: 2.01 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 760.0 Oxidation States: 4 is the most common. 1, 2 and -4 exist but are rare. Lattice Structure: Diagonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 5.660 CAS Registry Number: 7440-56-4 Germanium Trivia Winklers original name for germanium was Neptunium. Like germanium, the planet Neptune had recently been discovered from predictions from mathematical data.The discovery of germanium filled a spot predicted by Mendeleevs periodic table. Germanium took the place of the placeholder element eka-silicon.Mendeleev predicted eka-silicons physical properties based on its position in the periodic table. He said its atomic mass would be 72.64 (real value: 72.61), density would be 5.5 g/cm3 (real value: 5.32 g/cm3), high melting point (real value: 1210.6 K) and would have a gray appearance (real appearance: grayish-white). The closeness of germaniums physical properties to predicted values of eka-silicon were important to confirm Mendeleevs theories of periodicity.There was little use for germanium prior to the discovery of its semiconductor properties after World War II. Germanium production went from a few hundred kilograms per year to a hundred metric tonnes a year.Early semiconductor compo nents were mostly made from germanium until ultra-pure silicon became available commercially in the late 1950s.The oxide of germanium (GeO2) is sometimes called germania. It is widely used in optical equipment and fiber optics. It is also used as a catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate or PET plastic. Germanium Fast Facts Element Name: GermaniumElement Symbol: GeAtomic Number: 32Atomic Weight: 72.6308Appearance: Grayish-white hard solid with a metallic lusterGroup: Group 14 (Carbon Group)Period: Period 4Discovery: Clemens Winkler (1886) Sources Gerber, G. B.; Là ©onard, A. (1997). Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity of germanium compounds. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 387 (3): 141–146. doi:10.1016/S1383-5742(97)00034-3Frenzel, Max; Ketris, Marina P.; Gutzmer, Jens (2013-12-29). On the geological availability of germanium. Mineralium Deposita. 49 (4): 471–486. doi:10.1007/s00126-013-0506-zWeast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.Winkler, Clemens (1887). Germanium, Ge, a New Nonmetal Element. Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft (in German). 19 (1): 210–211. doi:10.1002/cber.18860190156

My Life - Original Writing - 1236 Words

My heart is pounding in my chest as I step onto the dusty gym floor. My palms are damp with perspiration. I slowly look around the room. Girls wearing headbands, shorts, and t-shirts fill the gym. Some girls wear the same nervous expression I do, and some have a look of confidence on their face. The sound of girls handling basketballs fills the gym. I walk over to the rack hesitantly and slowly reach out and grasp a basketball. The bumpy texture of the ball in my hand is familiar, and provides a sense of comfort. I look over at my sister and we head over to an empty basketball hoop. We start to shoot around, preparing for the tryouts that are moments away from starting. Go back a couple months and school has just gotten out on May 24, 2014. It was the end of my years in middle school. I could finally relax without the stress of homework or tests. It was now nine o clock at night. My mom entered the room. The living room floor squeaked with every step she took toward me, showing signs of its old age. The moon helps in casting my mom’s long shadow on the living room floor. She comes into the room with an intimidating presence. She is a woman who isn’t afraid to speak her mind. â€Å"I can’t believe my girls are in high school now,† she said. I glanced at my sister, trying to tell her not to respond. I knew if we responded my mom would reminisce on the days when my sister, Shiloh, and I were younger. â€Å"You’re going to tryout for basketball, right?,† she inquired.Show MoreRelatedMy Life - Original Writing1267 Words   |  6 PagesI yawn and arch my back in a big stretch. I could see my breath in the air. It would be getting colder from now on. I take a look around the small hut we call home. Adam is still curled up on the old mattress, a bundle of blankets wrapped around him. Mom isn’t sleeping next to him, probably out tending the garden. It seems that’s all she’s been doing these past few months. I stand up and walk over to Adam. He is sound asleep, a small amount of drool collecting on his chin. I smile at this and grabRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing977 Words   |  4 PagesWhen my son was ten years old, he asked me if I had ever been bullied before, or if I’d ever bullied anyone. I told him no! Not me! He said, â€Å"Mom, Nana told me that you were bullied, and you bullied people before, too.† I wondered if I should tell him the truth in that moment, that yes, when I was your age and younger, I was bullied, and yes, I bullied others, too. The thought that I could jeopardize my relationship with my son scared me. I could see it dwindling. The actions from my past might makeRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing850 Words   |  4 Pagesto go!† My sister vanessa yelled at me as I was packing the last of my things . I was fifteen and I had just arrived to my new home in Garland. 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Growing up I had strict parents but not that strict as if I were a prisoner in my own home. Almost every parent appear to be strict others on the other hand are not strict. Entering high school would be the most scariest chapter in my life, I going to meet several new people in my life. Biting my nails as I’m walking in on my first day of highschool, I turn my head left and right as if I were an owl. SeeingRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing1319 Words   |  6 Pageschild, I always used to think that my parents were indestructible. I n my eyes, there was absolutely nothing that could hurt them. Obviously, there is no logic behind this preposterous belief, yet I still felt that way for almost a decade of my life. Unfortunately, my idealistic views came to an end when I was nine years old. My father, who was always some sort of superhero in my life, was diagnosed with end stage renal failure in the summer of 2006. All of a sudden, my super hero didn’t seem so indestructibleRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing1046 Words   |  5 PagesI’m about 13 years old, married to a 35 year old man, and pregnant with the son of God while I’m still a virgin. Yes, my life’s going great. I was a Jewish girl getting ready to marry a well-established carpenter, then a man came to me in my house and told me I was pregnant. I was shocked, because I’m only 13 and was still a virgin. Well, it happened. I conceived when the angel told me I would, went into labor on the way to Bethlehem, and gave birth in a stable because the innkeeper didn’t have any

Throughout The Early Years Ce, And Even A Little Back Before

Throughout the early years CE, and even a little back before BCE, many empires rose to power over Europe and northern Africa. However, when thinking of the most dominant empire of all time, the Roman Empire may come to mind. The Romans simply dominated the battlefield for hundreds of years. The Romans went through many hard-fought battles, conquests, and wars to achieve their dominance, and influenced the world forever with their technology, governments, war tactics, trade, and more. The Roman Empire changed the world entirely through its advancements, and proved itself to be the greatest conquering empire of all time. Looking at the Romans overall history, and what they did in specific to achieve what they did will show us exactly how and†¦show more content†¦Rome was governed by leading figures in a â€Å"constantly changing network of mutually dependent relationships† (Cultures of the West, p. 176). The Romans valued simplicity, and placed a high value on families, or â€Å"Familia†, where the men were mostly dominant. They arranged their government so that one group of people could not monopolize over power, and that each senate/assembly could be governed by another, which laid groundwork for the way a lot of governments run today. Republican Rome also gave birth to something much bigger in the scheme of territories during this time, being that the Roman Empire saw that they could simply not make peace with any of their neighbors until they had complete control of the Mediterranean sea. This lead to the Punic wars, which were fought over about 80 years between the Romans and the Carthaginians who lived in North Africa. These wars were fought over three main battles, one in 264 BCE over Sicily, one in 218 over Spain, and the last big battle fought in 149 BCE, which ultimately ended in the complete destruction of Carthage and every Carthaginian, besides some who were sold into slavery (Cultures of the West, p. 182). After the victory of the Carthaginians, Rome recognized the power they had now that they controlled the Mediterranean entirely to themselves. The openness and calmness of the waters lead to easy trade ofShow MoreRelatedComparing The Tang Dynasty And The Western Civilization1524 Words   |  7 PagesFrom as far back as time could go, nearly who and what a person was depended on their gender. Women were seen as inferior to men no matter their intellectual or social status background. Men and women alike were expected to have certain and specific duties associated with their gender. 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New Employee Essay Example For Students

New Employee Essay Welcome to your new job! The position you have decided to undertake is one, which welcomes great variety on a day-to-day basis. The following information is meant to help you as you learn more about Best Buy and the things that make it run. Your job covers many different aspects of the department store, from maintenance to typing forms. Hopefully everything will be covered in this manual. However, if something new arises, feel free to add to this notebook for the next person. Update anything old and delete anything, which is obsolete. Your areas in the office are your locker, located underneath the old staff lockers, and the second drawer of the reception area desk. Here you will find any supplies, mailers, and the phone book. Feel free to store anything else in this drawer, but please be aware that other employees also have access to this drawer for the phone book. We hope that you enjoy working with Best Buy!Bibliography:

Field Trip Essay free essay sample

My experience on the last field trip honestly made me very pensive and actually forced me to evaluate the different meanings of a bridge. Never had I thought of a bridge anything more than JUST a bridge. Simply something I or anyone else would use to cross over from one point to another Simple. When the topic of a bridge was brought up the class before our fielder I indefinitely didnt really focus my attention onto what Professor Paddle was trying to set us up for.Once Saturday came along and we got the rubric while we were at Ruben F. Salary Park in LA I stopped and focused. Where am l? And how could this not be one of multiple bridges I have crossed in Just today? I thought about it more and more, once we reached Mariachi Plaza I realized that this too is another bridge. I finally came to the conclusion that everything In my life Is a bridge. We will write a custom essay sample on Field Trip Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Any experience I go through, any place I visit, and person I meet, or any opportunity at hand is a bridge.A bridge in my opinion isnt meeting that JUST connects one place to another but it is your fate. A bridge is an opportunity for life, to learn and experience. Whether that bridge Is keeping you connected to something or it Is keeping you apart from It. On Saturday as I crossed the LA River, later on did I go back and observed my emotions I felt as I crossed, and realized that at that moment I was connecting myself to different types of the LA World. On one side I saw more hardship, more people engaging, people walking, people LIVING, it all seemed like a big neighborhood.While on the other side I felt more of an industrial feel, people working, people, on the go from one place or another, it felt as if it wasnt about to stop at all times through the day there was no way it was ever going to stop, while on the other side some part of me felt as if that more homey side of LA, stopped at night and people took time to settle I saw the difference between the two, and it was a bridge. I also felt a bridge in the connection with the people. I felt as if they thought we were strangers, as if we in a way didnt ally belong there?I guess I realized that when you live in a place like Anaheim Hills youre blinded by things like poverty, people who are homeless, things Like eating In hole-in-the-wall places with the most BOMB. COM scopes The bridge I felt with the people, in a way, made me sad. I was quick to assume that they probably knew that we werent from there, that maybe, Just maybe, we didnt understand. Never had I felt that way before, and I had always gone to various parts of LA to be there with family or friends There was something about that time that made me actually feel conscious of who I was and where I came from.I indefinitely saw the way people sometimes stared at us wondering who we were. At a point in time we had a couple people ask us: Where we came from? And why we were there? In this point In, I felt Like the bridge was keeping me apart from the people who lived their lives there every day, in return Im sure if they came and lived in the center of Anaheim Hills, they too would feel out of place and as if something was keeping them from earning about the different meanings of a bridge, the different possibilities of a bridge, and the things that bridge had to offer.As a young teen I felt myself in the middle of a bridge trying to connect with the people, the lifestyle, the surroundings, the customs, the art, and the people that passed by me as I walked with my classmates Overall, Im grateful for bridges, they are the learning pieces that allow us to connect and disconnect with people, places, feelings, opportunities, etc.

UT Sample Essay - UT Essay Writing Tips & Guide

UT Sample Essay - UT Essay Writing Tips & GuideThe UT sample essay is a practice essay that is given as a tutorial or guideline to new students. The purpose of the essay is to give examples of work to be included in a final project. The focus of the essay is on the thesis and does not include information about the class itself.The essays are handed out in four phases and most essays are handed out at each phase. In the first phase, the essays are read by a committee and then the committee decides which will be the finalists. The two most interesting essays are read and both of these will be included in the final project.After the best five essays have been read and those with the highest grades are decided, these five essays are given to a faculty member for critique. During this time, each professor will comment on what the essay lacks and why they feel that the essay is good enough. The comments will then be used in the revision phase. These comments are done so as to help the stud ent understand what the professor is expecting.Once the critique is finished, all the selected essays are reviewed again in the second phase and those that were not read during the first review are now read again and this time with full comments. At this point, the remaining five essays are reviewed and from the remaining essays only the five that received good comments will go into the final project. This process is repeated for the final submission phase.The end result of this process is the creation of the final project. After this has been done, the final project is published and can be distributed to the class.There is one possible problem with this process and that is that it can get repetitive. By this, it means that there will be instances where the same information is repeated, but is it always necessary for all four reviews? This would mean that there is too much repetition and that the information is overused.Therefore, a recommended alternative would be to create a small er, less frequently used essay and edit it to be more relevant to the topic of the class. This way, the class is given more relevant information and the information is in fact used.We hope this article writing tips and guide will be of help to anyone who is looking to write a UT sample essay. Good luck!

American Revolution - New York, Philadelphia, Saratoga

American Revolution - New York, Philadelphia, Saratoga Previous: Opening Campaigns | American Revolution 101 | Next: The War Moves South The War Shifts to New York Having captured Boston in March 1776, General George Washington began shifting his army south to block an anticipated British move against New York City. Arriving, he divided his army between Long Island and Manhattan and awaited British General William Howes next move. In early June, the first British transports began appearing in lower New York Harbor and Howe established camps on Staten Island. Over the next several weeks Howes army grew to over 32,000 men. His brother, Vice Admiral Richard Howe commanded the Royal Navys forces in the area and stood by to provide naval support. The Second Continental Congress Independence While the British amassed strength near New York, the Second Continental Congress continued to meet in Philadelphia. Convening in May 1775, the group contained representatives from all thirteen American colonies. In final effort to reach an understanding with King George III, the Congress drafted the Olive Branch Petition on July 5, 1775, which asked the British government to address their grievances in order to avoid further bloodshed. Arriving in England, the petition was discarded by the king who was angered by the language used in confiscated letters written by American radicals such as John Adams. The failure of the Olive Branch Petition gave strength to those elements in Congress that wished to press for full independence. As the war continued, Congress began to assume the role of a national government and worked to make treaties, supply the army, and build a navy. Since it lacked the ability to tax, Congress was forced to rely on the governments of the individual colonies to provide the needed money and goods. In early 1776, the pro-independence faction began to assert more influence and pressured colonial governments to authorize reluctant delegations to vote for independence. After extended debate, Congress passed a resolution for independence on July 2, 1776. This was followed by the approval of the Declaration of Independence two days later. The Fall of New York In New York, Washington, who lacked naval forces, remained concerned that Howe could outflank him by sea anywhere in the New York area. Despite this, he felt compelled to defend the city due to its political importance. On August 22, Howe moved around 15,000 men across to Gravesend Bay on Long Island. Coming ashore, they probed the American defenses along the Heights of Guan. Finding an opening at Jamaica Pass, the British moved through the heights on the night of August 26/27 and struck American forces the next day. Caught by surprise, American troops under Major General Israel Putnam were defeated in the resulting Battle of Long Island. Falling back to a fortified position on Brooklyn Heights, they were reinforced and joined by Washington. Though aware that Howe could cut him off from Manhattan, Washington was initially reluctant to abandon Long Island. Approaching Brooklyn Heights, Howe turned cautious and ordered his men to begin siege operations. Realizing the dangerous nature of his situation, Washington left the position on the night of August 29/30 and succeeded in moving his men back to Manhattan. On September 15, Howe landed on Lower Manhattan with 12,000 men and at Kips Bay with 4,000. This forced Washington to abandon the city and assume a position to the north at Harlem Heights. The next day his men won their first victory of the campaign in the Battle of Harlem Heights. With Washington in a strong fortified postion, Howe elected to move by water with part of his command to Throgs Neck and then on to Pells Point. With Howe operating to the east, Washington was forced to abandon his position on northern Manhattan for fear of being cut off. Leaving strong garrisons at Fort Washington on Manhattan and Fort Lee in New Jersey, Washington withdrew to a strong defensive position at White Plains. On October 28, Howe assaulted part of Washingtons line at the Battle of White Plains. Driving the Americans off of a key hill, Howe was able to compel Washington to retreat again. Rather than pursue the fleeing Americans, Howe turned south to consolidate his hold on the New York City area. Assaulting Fort Washington, he captured the fortification and its 2,800-man garrison on November 16. While Washington was criticized for attempting to hold the post, he did so on Congress orders. Major General Nathanael Greene, commanding at Fort Lee, was able to escape with his men before being attacked by Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis. The Battles of Trenton Princeton Having taken Fort Lee, Cornwallis was ordered to pursue Washingtons army across New Jersey. As they retreated, Washington faced a crisis as his battered army began to disintegrate through desertions and expiring enlistments. Crossing the Delaware River into Pennsylvania in early December, he made camp and attempted to reinvigorate his shrinking army. Reduced to around 2,400 men, the Continental Army was poorly supplied and ill-equipped for winter with many of the men still in summer uniforms or lacking shoes. As in the past, Howe displayed a lack of killer instinct and ordered his men into winter quarters on December 14, with many strung out in a series of outposts from New York to Trenton. Believing an audacious act was needed to restore the publics confidence, Washington planned a surprise attack on the Hessian garrison at Trenton for December 26. Crossing the ice-filled Delaware on Christmas night, his men struck the following morning and succeeded in defeating and capturing the garrison. Evading Cornwallis who had been sent to catch him, Washingtons army won a second victory at Princeton on January 3, but lost Brigadier General Hugh Mercer who was mortally wounded. Having achieved two unlikely victories, Washington moved his army to Morristown, NJ and entered winter quarters. Previous: Opening Campaigns | American Revolution 101 | Next: The War Moves South Previous: Opening Campaigns | American Revolution 101 | Next: The War Moves South Burgoynes Plan In the spring of 1777, Major General John Burgoyne proposed a plan for defeating the Americans. Believing that New England was the seat of the rebellion, he proposed cutting the region off from the other colonies by moving down the Lake Champlain-Hudson River corridor while a second force, led by Colonel Barry St. Leger, advanced east from Lake Ontario and down the Mohawk River. Meeting at Albany, Burgoyne and St. Leger would press down the Hudson, while Howes army advanced north. Though approved by Colonial Secretary Lord George Germain, Howes role in the plan was never clearly defined and issues of his seniority precluded Burgoyne from issuing him orders. The Philadelphia Campaign Operating on his own, Howe prepared his own campaign for capturing the American capital at Philadelphia. Leaving a small force under Major General Henry Clinton at New York, he embarked 13,000 men on transports and sailed south. Entering the Chesapeake, the fleet traveled north and the army landed at Head of Elk, MD on August 25, 1777. In position with 8,000 Continentals and 3,000 militia to defend the capital, Washington dispatched units to track and harass Howes army. Aware that he would have to face Howe, Washington prepared to make a stand along the banks of the Brandywine River. Forming his men in a strong position near Chadds Ford, Washington awaited the British. In surveying the American position on September 11, Howe elected to use the same strategy he employed at Long Island. Using Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausens Hessians, Howe fixed the American center in place along the creek with a diversionary attack, while marching the bulk of this army around Washingtons right flank. Attacking, Howe was able to drive the Americans from the field and captured the bulk of their artillery. Ten days later, Brigadier General Anthony Waynes men were beaten at the Paoli Massacre. With Washington defeated, Congress fled Philadelphia and reconvened at York, PA. Outmaneuvering Washington, Howe entered the city on September 26. Eager to redeem the defeat at Brandywine and re-take the city, Washington began planning a counterattack against British forces located at Germantown. Devising a complicated assault plan, Washingtons columns became delayed and confused in the thick morning fog on October 4. In the resulting Battle of Germantown, American forces achieved early success and were on the verge of a great victory before confusion in the ranks and strong British counterattacks turned the tide. Among those who had performed badly at Germantown was Major General Adam Stephen who had been drunk during the fighting. Not hesitating, Washington sacked him in favor of the promising young Frenchmen, the Marquis de Lafayette, who had recently joined the army. With the campaign season winding down, Washington moved the army to Valley Forge for winter quarters. Enduring a hard winter, the American army underwent extensive training under the watchful eye of Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben. Another foreign volunteer, von Steuben had served as a staff officer in the Prussian army and imparted his knowledge to the Continental forces. The Tide Turns at Saratoga While Howe was planning his campaign against Philadelphia, Burgoyne moved forward with the other elements of his plan. Pressing down Lake Champlain, he easily captured Fort Ticonderoga on July 6, 1777. As a result, Congress replaced the American commander in the area, Major General Philip Schuyler, with Major General Horatio Gates. Pushing south, Burgoyne won minor victories at Hubbardton and Fort Ann and elected to move overland towards the American position at Fort Edward. Moving through the forest, Burgoynes progress was slowed as the Americans felled tree across the roads and worked to obstruct the British advance. To the west, St. Leger laid siege to Fort Stanwix on August 3, and defeated an American relief column at the Battle of Oriskany three days later. Still commanding the American army, Schuyler dispatched Major General Benedict Arnold to break the siege. As Arnold approached, St. Legers Native American allies fled after hearing exaggerated accounts regarding the size of Arnolds force. Left on his own, St. Leger had no choice but to retreat west. As Burgoyne neared Fort Edward, the American army fell back to Stillwater. Though he had won several minor victories, the campaign had cost Burgoyne heavily as his supply lines lengthened and men were detached for garrison duty. In early August, Burgoyne detached part of his Hessian contingent to search for supplies in nearby Vermont. This force was engaged and decisively defeated at the Battle of Bennington on August 16. Three days later Burgoyne made camp near Saratoga to rest his men and await news from St. Leger and Howe. Previous: Opening Campaigns | American Revolution 101 | Next: The War Moves South Previous: Opening Campaigns | American Revolution 101 | Next: The War Moves South Two miles to the south, Schuylers men began fortifying a series of heights on the west bank of the Hudson. As this work progressed, Gates arrived and took command on August 19. Five days later, Arnold returned from Fort Stanwix and the two began a series of clashes over strategy. While Gates was content to remain on the defensive, Arnold advocated striking at the British. Despite this, Gates gave Arnold command of the left wing of the army, while Major General Benjamin Lincoln led the right. On September 19, Burgoyne moved to attack the American position. Aware that the British were on the move, Arnold secured permission for a reconnaissance in force to determine Burgoynes intentions. In the resulting Battle of Freemans Farm, Arnold decisively defeated the British attack columns, but was relieved after a fight with Gates. Having suffered over 600 casualties at Freemans Farm, Burgoynes position continued to worsen. Sending to Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton at New York for aid, he soon learned that none was forthcoming. Short on men and supplies, Burgoyne resolved to renew the battle on October 4. Moving out three days later, the British attacked American positions at the Battle of Bemis Heights. Encountering heavy resistance, the advance soon bogged down. Pacing at headquarters, Arnold finally departed against Gates wishes and rode to the sound of the guns. Aiding on several parts of the battlefield, he led a successful counterattack on the British fortifications before being wounded in the leg. Now outnumbered 3-to-1, Burgoyne attempted to retreat north towards Fort Ticonderoga on the night of October 8. Blocked by Gates and with his supplies dwindling, Burgoyne elected to open negotiations with the Americans. Though he initially demanded an unconditional surrender, Gates agreed to a treaty of convention whereby Burgoynes men would be taken to Boston as prisoners and permitted to return to England on the condition that they not fight in North America again. On October 17, Burgoyne surrendered his remaining 5,791 men. Congress, unhappy with the terms offered by Gates, overruled the agreement and Burgoynes men were placed in prisoner camps around the colonies for the remainder of the war. The victory at Saratoga proved key in securing a treaty of alliance with France. Previous: Opening Campaigns | American Revolution 101 | Next: The War Moves South

Final Quotation Mark Essay

Final Quotation Mark Essay Final Quotation Mark Essay ANSWERS to Test Your Business Writing Skills Spelling Quiz Answers: 10 Correctly spelled words: indispensable, judgment, harass, desperate, embarrassment, superseded, privilege, fulfillment, commitment and occurrence, definitely. 10 Misspelled words [pic] : millennium, definitely, It’s, all right, preceding, a lot, consensus, acknowledgment (acknowledgement is acceptable but not preferred), forward, and congratulations. Punctuation Quiz Answers and Explanations: l. Mr. Smith said â€Å"Please submit your report by tomorrow†. Corrected sentence: Mr. Smith said, â€Å"Please submit your report by tomorrow.† Explanation of errors: A comma should be placed before a quote, and a period goes inside the end quote. 2. I would like to have a hot dog, relish, and ketchup. Corrected sentences: I would like to have a hotdog, relish and coleslaw. I would like to have a hot dog, relish, and ketchup. Explanation of error: Either one of the above punctuated sentences is correct, although most writers prefer to omit the serial comma (the comma before the â€Å"and† in a series of items). The error frequently made is when a writer sometimes uses the serial comma and at other times does not. Whatever choice is made, it must be used consistently in your writing. 3. Who wrote, â€Å"Avatar ?† Corrected sentence: Who wrote â€Å"Avatar †? Explanation of errors: Incorrect placement of question mark inside quotation marks. Question marks go outside the final quotation mark if the entire sentence asks the question. The question mark goes inside the final quotation mark if just the quoted material asks the question; i.e., Tom asked, â€Å"What’s wrong?† There is also no need for the comma in the sentence; it breaks up the thought. 4. My report was not up-to-date, I will have to revise it tomorrow. Corrected sentences: My report was not up-to-date, so I will have to revise it tomorrow. My report was not up-to-date; I will have to revise it tomorrow. Explanation of error: Comma Splicing. This occurs when you use a comma to join two complete sentences without placing either a semicolon or appropriate joining word between them. 5. Two years delay led to a change in procedures. Corrected sentence: Two years’ delay led to a change in procedures. Explanation of error: Missing apostrophe in a possessive (a word that shows possession). 6. The American. Government has three branches; the legislative, executive and judicial. Corrected sentence: The American Government has three branches: the legislative, executive and judicial. Explanation of error: Use of a semi-colon instead of a colon to introduce a list. 7. Politically our candidate has proven to be very skilled. Corrected sentence: Politically, our candidate has proven to be very skilled. Explanation of error: Missing comma after a set-off word. 8. I sent a letter to Jake Bilge 100 Wilkins Ave. Bronton, Saskatchewan. Corrected sentence: I sent a letter to Jake Bilge, 100 Wilkins Ave., Bronton, Saskatchewan. Explanation of error: There is often confusion on where to place commas to separate parts of addresses. Commas are needed after the name, street, and city. Grammar Quiz Answers and Explanations 1. Each of the employees are responsible for their own transportation. (Incorrect) Corrected sentence: Each of the employees is responsible for their own transportation. . Explanation: Singular subjects take singular verbs, and plural subjects take plural verbs. The subject each is singular and requires a singular verb. 2. After reading the initial report, the subsequent report appears contradictory. (Incorrect) Corrected sentence: After reading the initial report, I found the subsequent report to be contradictory. Explanation: Be careful of the dangling modifier, which is a word or phrase that modifies another word or phrase not clearly stated in the sentence, possibly causing confusion with regard to the speaker’s intended meaning. In

Drug-Free Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Drug-Free Workplace - Essay Example The employers make it a habit to employ workers who do not have a smoking or drinking habit. But as this scheme is being introduced after a lot of time it cannot eradicate the problem of drugs from the workplaces. Similarly like every workplace I have been working in a place which in the recent years has been trying to curb this issue seriously and eradicate this problem from their premises. And in this regard they have introduced new policies to create a drug free environment in the workplace. The company in which I work is related to petroleum and services. Three years back there was a trend of smoking, drinking and other drug related activities in our workplace. But today our workplace shows a better environment with a significant amount of decrease in the ratio of people who are related to drug related activities. The company has identified strategies to create a drug-free environment in the workplace. The company now has a strict policy to create a drug free environment. No one is allowed to smoke or drink openly during the working hours and if anyone is caught doing this the company managers take a strict action against them. These strategies at first were not preferred by the employees as they were not used to it but after a time due to the effectiveness of the strategy the employees had to cope up with it. On the other hand the employees incurred great profits as the image of the company improved in the market and the employees worked more efficiently. While on the other hand this strategy had some bad effects too as our company consisted of employees who couldn't work without having their desired drug. Because of this effect employees who were loyal and worked efficiently for the employers had to leave their job as they were not able to work without having their desired form of drug.The company implemented a new strategy to control the drug addictive environment inside the company. New employees are provided with special instructions when entering the company which describe the issue relating to drugs. The new employees are told about the strict policies of the company regarding drug related problems through a separate meeting designed for this purpose only. The company is taking effective measures in improving this program. The company also makes a meeting on a monthly/weekly basis for the old employees to tell them about the effects of the drug and how to control this drug problem. The program has been quite successful in decreasing the am ount of drug intake during office hours. While on the other hand the program is not able to control all the drug related activity in the company as in some of the departments the supervisors themselves are indulged in drug related activities. The company is looking in this issue to further monitor all the supervisors so that the program is implemented perfectly. Employees are being guided by the supervisors and other specialized staff about drug threats and how to control the intake of drugs. Specialized doctors are called in for the guidance of employees which not only helps the employees to feel the importance of a drug free workplace but also helps the employees to stop themselves from doing any drug related activity which can harm them in the outer world. The meeting organized by the specialized staff is attended by most of the staff and it has a great influence on the employees. The company has trained supervisors which help in controlling the

Thesis on Stephenie Meyer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Thesis on Stephenie Meyer - Essay Example This is the adolescent stage when young children begin their puberty, and it marks a transitional change, in their lives, which is characterized by significant changes. They are usually curious to explore some of the ideas they had learnt, in their childhood stage, and this is usually achieved through reading books and watching films. Therefore, it is necessary to understand their psychological mindsets since this stage is characterized by loneliness, peer group need, mood swings, psychological vulnerability, insecurity, audacity and the need to be emotional and argumentative. It is evident that most of the adolescents’ role models are the characters they see in the films and witness, in the books. They need literary works to broaden the understanding of themselves and future roles. Meyers’ film, Twilight, successfully exhibit this quality since it incorporates fairy tale elements and love story in its plot. It has since been known that many literary works about love are about young teenagers meeting and falling in love. During this period, there is always some kind of a barrier that needs to be overcome before the characters reach a happy conclusion. In Twilight, Edward and Bella instantly got attracted to one another when they met for the first time, but they could not establish a stable relationship because Edward is a vampire (Larsson et al. 274). Therefore, Edward, by being a vampire, is an obstacle that stands in their way to obtain mutual happiness. This also makes the novel more complicated than when Edward was just a normal boy. His condition also make their love wrong and forbidden (Larsson et al. 267). It is the passion and danger, associated with the supernatural creatures, which make Meyer’s literary piece different from other normal teenagers’ love stories. In the light of this context, Meyer is not only striving to combine different genres, but also linking Twilight to classic gothic literary

Human Resources Policies Essay Example for Free

Human Resources Policies Essay Armstrong, (2006) defined Human Resource policies as continuing guidelines on the approach the organization intends to adopt in managing its people. In addition, it can also be defined as the philosophies and values of the organization on how people should be treated, and from these are derived the principles upon which managers are expected to act when dealing with Human Resource matters. Human Resource policies therefore serve as reference points when employment practices are being developed, and when decisions are being made about people. Mullins, (2005) highlighted that Human Resource Management must be committed to creating a working environment free from discrimination and where all employees are treated equally with dignity, courtesy and respect. This can be done by putting into place Human Resource policies that shows how people should be treated, and from these are derived the principles upon which managers are expected to act when dealing with Human Resource matters. The most common areas in which specific Human Resource policies exist are HIV and AIDS, discipline, employee development, employee relations, recruitment and selection, equal opportunity, grievances, health and safety, managing diversity, promotion, redundancy, reward, sexual harassment, substance abuse and work life balance and e-mails and the internet. Cole (1997) argued that this employment equity policy helps in preventing discrimination and promoting equality in the workplace. The equal opportunity policy should spell out the organization’s determination to give equal opportunities to all, irrespective of sex, race, creed, disability, age or marital status. The policy should also deal with the extent to which the organization wants to take affirmative action to redress imbalances between numbers employed according to sex or race, or to differences in the levels of qualifications and skills they have achieved. According to the Labour Act (Chapter 28:01),Section 5 states that no employer shall discriminate any employee or prospective employee on grounds of race, tribe, place of origin, political opinion, colour, creed, gender, pregnancy, HIV/AIDS status or subject to the Disabled Persons Act (Chapter 17:01). Every manager must take steps to promote equal opportunity in the workplace by eliminating unfair discrimination in any employment policy or practice within their sphere of authority. All forms of unfair discrimination, whether direct or indirect, are prohibited and it is the responsibility of all employees to inform themselves about and refrain from perpetrating unfair discrimination. The sexual harassment policy is another policy which aims at preventing and managing sexual harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment is unwanted and unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favours, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that is made either explicitly or implicitly a term or condition of employment; or is used as the basis for employment decisions affecting such an individual. The company must prohibit inappropriate conduct that is sexual in nature at work, on company business, or at company sponsored events. This can be done by prohibiting comments, jokes, or degrading language or behavior that is sexual in nature, sexually suggestive objects, books, magazines, photographs, cartoons, pictures, calendars, posters or electronic communications and unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favours, or any sexual touching this is according to Armstrong (2006). Sexual harassment is prohibited whether it’s between members of the opposite sex or members of the same sex. All managers have a key responsibility in establishing and maintaining a workplace free from personal harassment and they are directly responsible for the conduct of their staff. Sexual harassment is regarded as gross industrial misconduct and if proved makes the individual liable for instant dismissal. Less severe penalties may be reserved for minor cases but there will always be a warning that repetition will result in dismissal. Therefore all employees are expected to comply with this policy and that it is the pers onal responsibility of each employee to ensure that inappropriate conduct does not occur, as stated by Armstrong (2010). Safety policies should reflect the employers commitment to safety and health at work and should indicate what standards of behavior are to be aimed for in safety and health welfare matters. The policy statement should be drawn to the attention of all employees. In practice this is achieved by issuing a safety policy document to all employees via their pay packets, or by issuing company handbooks which include details of the policy. The important point is that the employer should be able to show that he has done more than just pin up a notice in various parts of his premises, this is postulated by Mullins (2005). The HIV/Aids policy is also used and its purpose is to provide guidance on managing departmental responses to HIV/AIDS in a manner that complies with the National Aids Policy and applicable laws, eliminates unfair discrimination and enables the harnessing of each person’s full potential. Employees who know that they are infected with HIV will not be obliged to disclose the fact to the company, but if they do, the fact will remain completely confidential. There must be no discrimination against anyone with or at risk of acquiring AIDS. In addition, employees infected by HIV or suffering from AIDS must be treated no differently from anyone else suffering a severe illness. All human resources processes and practices should promote an affirming non-discriminatory environment that fosters respect for the dignity of all while ensuring the maximum productivity of each employee regardless of HIV/AIDS status. This will be done through a regular review of all human resources practices and processes to eliminate existing or potential direct and indirect discrimination on the ground of HIV/AIDS. A prospective employee will not be required to disclose his or her HIV/AIDS status, there shall be no pre-employment HIV/AIDS testing in respect of a prospective employee and both permanent and contract employees are not obliged to disclose their HIV/AIDS status, as subject to Labour Relations Act (chapter 28:01). Recruitment and selection policies are also used to ensure a work environment that is anti discriminatory, democratic, respectful of rights, mindful of dignity and legally sound or legitimate. The Human resource department must be committed to utilise recruitment and selection practices that are based on merit, equity, objectivity, fairness and the need to redress the imbalances of the past so as to achieve a department that is broadly representative. According to Storey (1995), the recruitment process should reflect the department’s employment equity values and goals. Moreover, all phases of the recruitment process must support the recruitment of suitably qualified men and women from diverse racial and other backgrounds with a view to giving them an opportunity to serve all the people with excellence and responsiveness. Considerations of affirmative action will inform the entire recruitment process. The policy on age and employment should take into account that age is a poor predictor of job performance. It is misleading to equate physical and mental ability with age. More of the population are living active, healthy lives as they get older. Therefore the policy should define the approach the organization adopts to engaging, promoting and training older employees. It should emphasize that the only criterion for selection or promotion should be ability to do the job; and for training, the belief that the employee will benefit, irrespective of age. The policy should also state that age requirements should not be set out in external or internal job advertisements. Armstrong (2006). Diversity management policy is a concept that recognizes the benefits to be gained from differences. A policy on managing diversity recognizes that there are differences among employees and that these differences, if properly managed, will enable work to be done more efficiently and effectively. This concept does not focus exclusively on issues of discrimination but instead concentrates on recognizing the differences between people. Maund (2001) express it, the concept of managing diversity is founded on the premise that harnessing these differences will create a productive environment in which everyone will feel valued, where their talents are fully utilized and in which organizational goals are met. The diversity management policy must acknowledge cultural and individual differences in the workplace, state that the organization values the different qualities that people bring to their jobs, emphasize the need to eliminate bias in such areas as selection, promotion, performance asse ssment, pay and learning opportunities and focus attention on individual differences rather than group differences. Mathis, (2003) is of the view that the disciplinary policy should state that employees have the right to know what is expected of them and what could happen if they infringe the organization’s rules. It would also make the point that, in handling disciplinary cases, the organization will treat employees in accordance with the principles of natural justice. It must be the policy of the company that employees should be given a fair hearing by their immediate supervisor or manager concerning any grievances they may wish to raise, have the right to appeal to a more senior manager against a decision made by their immediate supervisor or manager and have the right to be accompanied by a representative of their own choice when raising a grievance or appealing against a decision. Cole, (1997) highlighted that the reward policy must cover matters as providing an equitable pay system, equal pay for work of equal value, paying for performance, competence, skill or contribution, sharing in the success of the organization and the relationship between levels of pay in the organization and market rates. There must not be discrimination of employees in pay levels. This will encourage the optimum productivity from employees and ensures high level of quality output. A performance management system must be put in place so as to pay employees according to their performance and efforts. Armstrong (2006) is of the opinion that job evaluation must also be done in a fairly and equitable manner so as to have a free work environment. In conclusion, companies must be committed to providing a work environment free of discrimination and harassment. Human Resource policies must prohibit discrimination and harassment in the workplace, whether committed by or against managers, co-workers, customers, vendors, or visitors. Employees must work and develop in an environment that is anti-discriminatory, democratic, respectful of rights, mindful of dignity, legally sound and productive. Workplace discrimination or harassment based on an employee’s race, colour, religion, sex, national origin, citizenship, age status, sexual orientation, disability, marital status, or any other basis prohibited by law, must not be tolerated. REFERENCES Armstrong, M. (2006) Strategic Human Resource Management, (3rd Ed), London: Kogan. Armstrong, M. (2006) A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, (10th Ed), London: Kogan. Cole G.A. (1997), Personnel Management, Theory and Practice, London: Continuum. Labour Relations Act Regulations (1998), HIV and AIDS, Government Printers: Zimbabwe. Maund, L. (2001), An Introduction to Human Resource Management Theory And Practice, New York: Palgrave. Mullins, L. J. (2005), Management and Organizational Behavior, England: Prentice Hall. Storey, J.(1995), Human Resource Management: A critical text, London: Routledge.